Pdf although the reliability of production plans is crucial for the performance of. The regular flow of materials and supplies are helpful in the uninterrupted production. Production planning and control operations management 1. The first step in production planning is deciding which type of production process is best for making the goods that. Capacity planning in production and operation management capacity planning is to be carried out keeping in mind future growth and expansion plans, market trends, sales forecasting, etc. Production planning and controlproduction planning and control can be defined as the process. The decision to add capacity in an industry or business is usually determined by the level of capacity utilization. It is conventional for a manufacturing company to equip itself to cope with a.
It is helpful in bringing down various costs of production. Before you can implement such a plan, however, you need to understand what your maximum capacity may be based on your current efficiency and utilization rates. Capacity decisions need acute and careful attention by concerned persons as almost everything of the operations is related with capacity. There are 3 things an operation must consider when looking at production of goods and services. If there is not enough capacity, you may have to run an extra shift, use overtime or subcontract work. The facility may be an entire organization, a division, or only one selection from operations management. Capacity utilization there is a need to use the available resources effectively. Factors influencing plant location in operation management. Capacity planning capacity can be defined as the maximum output rate that can be achieved by a facility. Where this conversion process is carried out and what we call the department or function where it is located vary greatly among organizations. Lecture notes, operations management, chapter 1, 2, 4, 6.
Operations management is an area of management concerned with designing and controlling the process of production and redesigning business operations in the production of goods or services. The purpose of the present paper is to analyze the capacity management needs and propose a new capacity planning framework for a construction company. Quality control design demand forecasting process selection supply chain capacity planning management facility. Excess capacity arises when actual production is less than what is achievable or optimal for a firm. Capacity planning and control is the process of establishing, measuring, monitoring and adjusting the levels of capacity in order to execute all manufacturing plans and schedules in the best possible manner.
Alternative capacity planning are easily available build up cost of capacity is low lead time to build new capacity is short lost of sales have no disastrous problems in capacity planning there is no standard terminology every vendor has a different definition of capacity management, capacity planning, sizing, tuning, and so on. Chapter 5 strategic capacity planning for products and services. Evaluate and apply the different strategies for matching capacity with demand in the short. Capacity planning is a technique used to identify and measure overall capacity of the production. Introduction capacity planning decisions are important to any industry, especially to health care industry because not only it relates to the management of highly specialized and costly resources.
Operations management an overview 7 quantity for production longrange capacity planning forecasting longterm future capacity demand economies and diseconomies of scale developing capacity. Design capacity minus allowances such as personal time, maintenance, and. Production and operations management in the automotive. Capacity planning is not necessary to predict the future infrastructural needs of the higher institutions in kogi state. Strategic capacity planning process in construction business. How to initiate a capacity planning and management process for a rapid deployment unit of a security services company case study support services group ltd.
Improving the production planning and control process. Operations management is the business function that responsible to planning, organizing, coordinating and controlling the resources needed to produce a companys products and services. Capacity is the rate of productive capability of a facility. Business planning capacity planning brand plans financial planning budgeting sales planning. Definition, principles, activities, trends since all companies have operations, i. Location of facilitieslocation of facilities for operations is a longterm capacity decision whichinvolves a long term commitment about the geographically static factors thataffect a business organization. Capacity planning problem based on bottleneck center capacity planning operations management duration. Wally whistance smith lecture notes, operations management, lecture week prof. Capacity planning process is shown as a graph in figure 1 3. Capacity concerns for your operations management dummies. Globalizationhas increased the importance and the complexity of capacity decisions. Production, operations and logistics sales finance.
Exam 2014 questions exam 2014 questions lecture notes, operations management, materials requirement planning and enterprise resource planning, prof. Capacity planning is to be carried out keeping in mind future growth and expansion plans, market trends, sales forecasting, etc. Production planning and control operations management. This paper introduces operational planning through capacity planning, material planning, management of manufacturing process, and. Lesson plan for production and operation management. Strategic capacity planning for products and services. The management of operations integration of process. In operations, management capacity is referred as an amount of the input resources available to produce relative output over period of time. Demand forecasting, planning, and management lecture to 2007 mlog class september 27, 2006 larry lapide, ph. No simple standard equation exists to tell you how much capacity you need right now or in the future or when exactly your operations management should add capacity.
Abstract capacity planning and control is an issue which every operation is faced with. Breakeven analysis is a valuable tool for capacity planning. Capacity planning practices and operational performance of. The major problems which affect execution of the tasks and attain. Material requirements planning 307 lotsizing methods 315 justintime jit approach to inventory management 318 excel functions used in modelbuilding 318 exercises 319 references and further reading 323. In manufacturing, the design capacity reflects the volume of output with a. Methods and tools for dynamic capacity planning and control are discussed on this paper. Global journal of management and business research volume xii issue xxiii version i 2 20 12 eary 64 2012 global journals inc. Measurement of capacity planning in production and. Capacity planning in an operations and business environment is the process of determining the required capacity to supply the market place adequately in order to capture or sustain a desired market share in the industry the business operates in. Capacity planning is an integral part of the overall production planning for an enterprise. Determining the correct capacity level for your business at any given time to satisfy customer demand takes a great deal of assessment and careful consideration. The rough cut capacity planning rccp and basic functions of the.
In demand management issues such as price variation, changes in methods of promoting the product, change over delivery time for exam. Lets discuss in detail about what is capacity planning, its classification and goals. This often means that the demand in the market for the. Operations management definition, objectives and functions. However, publications concerning this topic are yet scarce and normally characterized by a theoretical focus andor by an emphasis on a particular type of production system kingsman, 2000. Capacity planning in production and operation management. Production and operations management notes for mba pdf. The process of conversion is at the heart of production and operations management and is present in some form in all organizations.
Then we study different types of forecasting methods used to predict demands as accurate demand forecasting is the first step toward successful operations management, e. Capacity planning and management learning outcomes after reading this chapter you should be able to. Available capacity management, includes demand management as well as capacity management. Define and measure capacity and appreciate the factors that influence it. Chapter 5 production scheduling approaches for operations management 129. Finlay department of management studies, loughborough university of technology. Managing global operations, regional factors production operations management business management. Wally whistance smith lecture notes, operations management, chapters 1,2,4,6 prof.
Design capacity is the best possible level for an operation, process or a facility to deliver. Focussing on the latest developments in automotive supply chains and manufacturing technologies, the primary objective of this special issue is to examine research issues concerned with production and operations management in the automotive industry. Job design, production and operations standards, and. A operations management 70% b strategic management 30% b 30% a 70% assessment strategy there will be written examination paper of three hours. Article pdf available in journal of operations management 2912. Excel models for business and operations management. Capacity and production planning involves meeting the future needs for your products without accumulating excess inventory. Capacity planning unit introduction capacity planning is vital in operations management. Layout planning is deciding on the best physical arrangement of all resources that consume space within a facility. It is a simple task to plan the capacity in case of stable demand. It involves the responsibility of ensuring that business operations are efficient in terms of using as few resources as needed and effective in terms of meeting customer requirements. The importance of production and operation management is the process that combines and transforms various resources used in the production operation subsystem of the organization into valueadded productsservices in a controlled manner as per the policies of the organization. Assess the difficulties of matching capacity to demand. In operations management there are various capacity planning practices adapted by firms, be they in manufacturing or service.
Production and operations management department of higher. These resources might include a desk, a work selection from operations management. They include strategic or rough cut capacity planning, aggregate capacity planning, finite capacity planning also known as production scheduling and capacity. The maximum output rate or service capacity an operation, process, or facility is designed for. Us capacity planning and its implications on the infrastructural development needs of some selected. Capacity management, capacity planning, support services. Introduction to production and operations management.